Chiricahua apache territory. Each subtribe is from a different geographial region.
Chiricahua apache territory Jun 9, 2025 · The Chiricahua Apache Leader Cochise led the Chiricahui group of the Chiricahua Apache. Lozen is a shield Chiricahua Apaches: 1886. Ward wrongly blamed Cochise and the Chiricahua Apaches. [5] Apache bands include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño The Apache (/ əˈpætʃi / ə-PATCH-ee) are several Southern Athabaskan language -speaking peoples of the Southwest, the Southern Plains and Northern Mexico. In 1913, the surviving Warm Springs Apaches could either remain in Oklahoma or join the Mescalero Apaches at their reservation in New Mexico. Army fought the Chiricahua, and many hostile incidents occurred on both sides. Thousands of miners, farmers and ranchers began moving onto Apache lands and driving the tribe out. See how a mountain range rising between two deserts creates a home for diverse wildlife. com William Tooahyaysay Bradford, Ikegee Nant'an and Beh Goz Ani, (703) 517-5719 chiricahuaprofessor@hotmail. The Apache name is probably derived from a Spanish transliteration of apachu, the term for “enemy” in Zuni. Mining between the Gila River and the Mexican border brought new investors and laborers. and other areas of Arizona, New Mexico and mostly Sonora, Mexico. They discover 400 Mexican soldiers had attacked the camp, killing Geronimo’s wife, Alope, his children and his mother →1872 — The U. Tribal map showing the original territory of the Chiricahua Indians and their neighbors in the Southwest. The jurisdiction of this Constitution shall extend to the whole territory of the Chiricahua Apache Mimbreno Nde Nation, including the premises of any of its extraterritorial diplomatic missions, hub zones, sub-hub zones, airspace, territorial waters, future territories, and any other territory that exists or may come to exist. Gen. In 1848, when gold was discovered in California, the Apaches were further threatened by incursions of white fortune-seekers on their way to the gold Chiricahua Apache Nation Fort Sill Apache Tribe Book Recommendations The Apache Diaspora: Four Centuries of Displacement and Survival – Paul Conrad The Chiricahua Apache, a resilient tribe with deep roots in the southwestern United States, have a rich history marked by their struggle for autonomy and freedom. Prehistoric peoples, Apaches, Buffalo Soldiers, Civilian Conservation Corps, ranchers, and homesteaders inhabited Chiricahua. Dec 13, 2021 · The Chiricahua Apache Nation website got a facelift late last month, after a major leadership shake-up that the new interim tribal council of the group, which now calls itself the Chiricahua Apache Tribe, hopes will usher in a new era of transparency and legitimacy. Today’s tribal members are survivors and descendants of the Chiricahua Apache tribe, whose original territory covered much of what is now the American Southwest including eastern Arizona and western New Mexico, along the United States Chiricahua ApacheNameThe name Chiricahua (pronounced CHEER-uh-KAH-wuh ) Apache may mean “chatterer,” referring to their warriors’ way of speaking to one another in code during battle. The Kiowa-Apache are under the jurisdiction of the Kiowa-Comanche-Apache Agency of the Anadarko Area Office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs. Casitas de Gila Guesthouses, near Silver City, is located essentially in the heart of the homeland of the Chiricahua Apache, in Southwestern New Mexico. Senate and proclaimed by President Franklin Pierce on 25 March, 1853. org The word "apache" comes from the Yuma word for "fighting-men" and from the Zuni word meaning "enemy. Chiricahua, one of several divisions within the Indigenous Apache people of North America. Oct 30, 2021 · In 1887, they were relocated to Alabama, then Indian Territory (Oklahoma) in 1894. Imagine history here. Their traditional territory extended across present-day Arizona, New Mexico, and the Mexican states of Sonora and Chihuahua. The territory of the Chiricahua Apache once spread across large areas of Arizona, New Mexico and Mexico. These lands had long been home to the Apache until the Europeans arrived. The Chiricahua were the last American Indian group to be relocated to Indian Territory. [25][26] By 1981, only two or three elderly speakers Jan 22, 2025 · In 1835 Mexico put on bounty on Apache scalps. Alchesay participated in Geronimo’s surrender to Crook in March The Life and Times of a Chiricahua Apache Chief Cochise, born in 1805, was a highly respected leader of the Chokonen band of the Chiricahua Apache tribe in what is now the southwestern United States. Spanish explor-ers in the Chiricahua territory in the early sixteenth century did not Explore the timeline of Geronimo. Chief Cochise COCHISE c. After being admitted to the warriors’ council in 1846, Geronimo participated in Apache raids that took place in modern day Sonora and Chihuahua . In 1913, a third of the Chiricahua, known later as the Fort Sill Apache, accepted allotments in Oklahoma. ” He stood 6 feet tall with a strong build and long black hair. May 26, 2024 · Apache Pass is a narrow defile in southeast Arizona between the Chiricahua Mountains and the Dos Cabezas Range. In this section, you will find articles about the Bedonkohe Apache 792: Gouyen Mescalero Apache with a Vendetta against the Comanche Born: 1857, Chiricahua Apache Territory (Present-day parts of New Mexico & Arizona, United States of America) Died: 1903, Fort Sill, Oklahoma, United States of America Also Written: Góyą́ń Her birth name is unknown; Gouyen is a title reserved for brilliant and wise Apache women. Cochise County in Southeast Arizona is where many major 19 th century on in Oklahoma Territory. By negotiating and entering into the Treaty of Santa Fe, the Chiricahua Apache Nation and the U. His people remained at peace with white settlers through the 1850s Mescalero - Faraon - Native American tribe of Southern Athabaskan stock currently living on the Mescalero Apache Reservation in southcentral New Mexico where they live with other Chiricahua and Lipan Apaches. 1 Because the especially powerful Apache Chief Mangas Coloradas (also Mangus Bedonkohe apache profile Artifact Replicas | Jewelry | Clothing | Figurines | On Sale | New Products What's New Bedonkohe Fact Sheet The Apache Indians are divided into six sub tribes, which are further divided into bands and clans. Apache Nde Nation Events and Announcements Chiricahua Apache Nde Nation, San Carlos. Apache Territories and Reservations Map of Apache Lands: Feb 20, 2025 · A Wonderland of Rocks Explore rhyolite pinnacles and balanced rocks on foot or by car. The Chiricahua Apache are an Athapskan-speaking Native American group who may have originally migrated to the Southwest from western Canada sometime between the thirteenth and sixteenth centuries. [24] As of 2009, there may be no remaining speakers, and the language is considered almost extinct or dormant. For years, Cochise kept peace with Americans crossing Apache land. They lived in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States. Nov 20, 2012 · 1881: The Apache shaman, Noch-del-klinne (meaning the prophet) began to teach dances and rites similar to the ghost dance which led to the Battle of Cibecue in Arizona The battle of Big Dry Wash on July 17, 1882 was the last major fight with Apaches in Arizona Territory Who were the most famous leaders and chiefs of the Apache tribe? Oct 17, 2025 · Guide to Apache Indians ancestry, family history and genealogy: birth records, marriage records, death records, census records, parish registers, and military records. They are presently located in southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northern Mexico. lipanapache. So much history happened here. Conflicts Oct 1, 2021 · Tensions between the Chiricahua and Americans began around 1848, after the Mexican-American War. org The Lipan Apache Tribe Website www. The Chiricahua raided other tribes and later the Spanish, the Mexicans, and American settlers. 1805 June 8, 1874) was leader of the Chihuicahui local group of the Chokonen (central or real Chiricahua) and principal chief (or nantan) of the Chokonen band of the Chiricahua Apache. The Mescalero-Chiricahua language is a member of the Apachean Branch of the Athabaskan language family. Trigger ⚠️--Chiricahua is mispronounced- my apologies. A key war leader during the Apache Wars, he Oct 31, 2017 · Miles recruited two Chiricahua Apache Indian scouts, Kayitah and Martine (also known as Mahteen, Martinez, and Nahteen), from Fort Apache, Arizona Territory, to carry a message to Geronimo demanding that he and his cohort surrender. The Chiricahua moved west of the Rio Grande into Arizona, New Mexico, and Northern Mexico in the next years to expand their territory. Government in Santa Fe, New Mexico Territory on 1 July, 1852, which was ratified by the U. Today, no one can understand the history of Tucson and Southern Arizona without first understanding the Apache Wars. The same year, by the Treaty of Guadalupe the United States took control over the territory that is present-day New Mexico and Arizona. The area is known as Arenas Valley, 3 miles east of Silver City, New Mexico USA. May 31, 2020 · From the U. The bedonkohe apache were a band of Chiricahua Apache, whose most famous leader was Geronimo. The peace lasted almost four years, until a pair of intoxicated Apaches killed two American ranchers who had illegally sold them whiskey on the reservation. Nde benah, traditional Nde territory, was gifted to our people by Yusen, the Creator, with a covenant and responsibility to steward and protect this creation, this land. The Fort Sill Apache Tribe of Oklahoma is the federally recognized Native American tribe of Chiricahua Warm Springs Apache in Oklahoma. Thus ended the freedom of the Chiricahua Apaches on their traditional territory. Western Apache Kinship Jul 29, 2014 · In 1886, our ancestors, the Chiricahua Warm Springs Apaches of southwestern New Mexico territory, led by Geronimo, Naiche, and other tribal leaders, surrendered to General Miles, ending the Apache Wars in the Southwest. The Chiricahua Apache are south of the Western Apache in the mountains of southeastern Arizona. The Chiricahua Apache reservation was created by executive order in 1872, three months after Cochise met General Howard and the two leaders agreed upon a treaty. c. Newspaper editors across the territory published derogatory The Apache Wars were a series of armed conflicts between the United States Army and various Apache tribal confederations fought in the southwest between 1849 and 1886, though minor hostilities continued until as late as 1924. The sister of Victorio, a prominent chief. Victorio said, "Lozen is my right hand strong as a man, braver than most, and cunning in strategy. “The Chiricahua Apache Elders Council would like to inform you that our name has changed,” a message on the website states Dec 22, 2017 · The initial U. The Apache are an Indigenous North American people who, under such leaders as Cochise, Mangas Coloradas, Geronimo, and Victorio, figured largely in the history of the Southwest during the latter half of the 19th century. Apr 15, 2023 · The Chiricahua Apache are one of several Apache tribes that historically inhabited the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. Historically, they shared a common area, language, and customs. From their origins and ancestry to their vibrant cultural practices, the Chiricahua Apache have navigated a tumultuous Oct 21, 2013 · The descendants of the two bands with which Geronimo was affiliated, the Chiricahua and Warm Springs Apache — which occupied territory in what is now southwest New Mexico and southeast Arizona APACHE TREATY #261 OF 1852-3 Chief Mangus Coloradas signed a treaty with the U. The Western Apache Kinship system (including White Mountain, Northern and Southern Tonto, San Carlos and Cibecue Apache) all falls under the Chiricahuan clan type. All authority previously exercised by Chiricahua Apache individuals and groups on behalf of the Chiricahua Apache Nation shall cease as of the effective date of this Constitution, and any The Old Pueblo Archaeology (OPA) bulletin no. ” was published by the authority of the Legislature. Thousands of miners, farmers, and ranchers began moving onto Apache lands, driving the tribe out. United States administration of Chiricahua Apache territory officially began after the Mexican-American war in the middle 1800s with U. Born in Arizona in 1812, the son of a Chiricahua Apache chief, Cochise inherited the leadership of the Chiricahuas about 1850. The Chiricahua are related to other Apache groups like the Ndendahe, Tchihende, Sehende (Mescalero), Lipan, Salinero, Plains, and Western Apache. 5,762 likes · 2 talking about this · 127 were here. Today’s tribal members are survivors and descendants of the Chiricahua Apache tribe, whose original territory covered much of what is now the American Southwest including eastern Arizona and western New Mexico, along The San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation (Western Apache: Tsékʼáádn), in southeastern Arizona, United States, was established in 1872 as a reservation for the Chiricahua Apache tribe as well as surrounding Yavapai and Apache bands removed from their original homelands under a strategy devised by General George Crook of setting the various Apache tribes against one another. Today, the tribal members proudly stand as survivors and descendants of the Chiricahua Apache tribe, whose ancestral territory once spanned a significant portion of the American Southwest, encompassing eastern Arizona, western New Mexico, and areas along the United States-Mexico border. Today the pride Apache feel in our homeland and way of life is evident. The Apache tribes of Colorado, mainly the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Western Apache, and Kiowa Apache, offer a window into a rich cultural legacy. At this point the Apache in the Verde Valley (the Tonto Apache) were living side by side with the Yavapai. Everything changed in 1861 when Lieutenant Bascom Feb 12, 2023 · The Apache Nation has a vibrant history and culture. The Reorganization Act of 1936 consolidated the tribes onto this reservation, which currently has an Apache population of approximately 4,000. Jun 29, 2021 · In 1913 newly freed Chiricahua Apache prisoners had to choose whether to remain in Oklahoma or move to a reservation in New Mexico Oct 9, 2024 · Cochise ( Cheis or Adatlichi, in Apache K'uuch'ish oak c. George Crook, who had campaigned against other Apache, was sent to the Arizona Territory to quell the Apache threat. The Chiricahua Apache were first located in the Dragoon Mountains. Here’s the full story, plus how to explore this wild refuge today. Shi-ka-she was a tall man, six feet, with General George Crook, wearing his campaign outfit and riding his mule in Arizona Territory, 1885. soldiers, the civilian population consistently opposed the presence of African American military men in both word and deed. Born Goyathlay – "One Who Yawns" – in June 1829, within the Bedonkohe Apache tribe near present-day Clifton, Arizona, Geronimo ‘s life Oct 10, 2013 · Chiricahua medicine man in wickiup with family In 1871, a document titled “Resources of Arizona Territory with a Description of the Indian Tribes; Ancient Ruins, Cochise, Apache Chief; Antonio, Pima Chief; Stage and Wagon Roads; Trade and Commerce, Etc. The American Indian tribe known today as the Fort Sill Apache was moved to Oklahoma in 1894 after continuing nearly a decade of imprisonment and exile at U. Aug 25, 2017 · The Apache tribe consists of six subtribes: the Western Apache, Chiricahua, Mescalero, Jicarilla, Lipan and Kiowa. military in 1886. The Jicarilla clan system groups trace descent through both parents. The Chiricahua Apache were traditionally nomadic, moving with the seasons to hunt game and gather wild plant foods. Migration from this region brought them to the southern plains by 1300, and into areas of the present-day American Southwest and northwestern Mexico by 1500. In 1861, the Arivaipa band of Apache (not a part of the Chiricahua) raided the farm of settler John Ward and were seen heading toward the Chiricahua Mountains, known to be Cochise’s territory. M. 1829-1909) was a medicine man and war chief of the Bedonkohe tribe of the Chiricahua Apache nation, best known for his resistance against the encroachment of Mexican and Euro-American settlers and armed forces into Apache territory and as one of the last Native American leaders to surrender to the United States government Chiricahua Apache Nde Nation, San Carlos. It was a genuine clash of cultures for which history offers no answer. The territory where the Apache Native peoples lived prior to European interference was known as Apachería, and it included the Chiricahua Mountains in Arizona. Then in 1848 the United States gained control of most of the Apache territory after the War with Mexico and matters got even worse. It may mean “grinder” because of their custom of breaking the bones of captured Mexican soldiers. Crook issued a call for Apache scouts to help find the renegades. The Fort Sill Apache Tribe was moved to Oklahoma in 1894 after nearly a decade of imprisonment and exile at U. Oct 3, 2024 · Few Americans entered Chiricahua territory before the gold rush. Army met with Chiricahua Apache leader Cochise at the foot of the rugged Dragoon Mountains. Of those Chiricahua May 31, 2020 · From the U. A skilled warrior and strategic leader, Cochise fiercely defended his people and their land against encroachment by Mexican and American settlers. Today, descendants of these desert mountain people live in Oklahoma, New Mexico, Arizona and a few still reside in the Gila watershed. The 1851 discovery of gold in the Pinos Altos region of New Mexico, which lay at the Southern end of the Black Mountains, homeland of the Warm Springs Band of Chiricahua, was an early source of conflict. ) was a Chiricahua Apache chief who led the Indians’ resistance to the white man’s incursions into the U. May 16, 2018 · The Dragoon Mountains in southeastern Arizona became the fortified home of the great Apache chief and his band of Chiricahua Apaches. Aug 10, 2023 · The Chiricahua Apache had long practiced raiding--the capturing of other’s property, often done in surprise attacks. , 979), and proclaimed by President Franklin Pierce on 25 March 1853. Ft. These conflicts, rooted in the Chiricahua’s defense of their autonomy and lands in southeastern Arizona (including Cochise County), southwestern New Mexico, and Jan 23, 2020 · On February 3, 1873, representatives of the U. government in 1886. [5] Apache bands include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño Sep 21, 2009 · Fort Sill Apache ‘The Fort Sill Apache Tribe was moved to Oklahoma in 1894 after nearly a decade of imprisonment and exile at U. Today's Fort Sill Apache are actually the survivors and descendants of the Chiricahua Apache tribe, whose original territory covered much of what is now the American Southwest in eastern Arizona and western New Mexico along the United States border with Mexico. Because many Chiricahuas had not come in with their leaders, May 1, 2025 · In July 1862, General James Carleton and his California Column got ambushed by Chief Cochise and about 150 Chiricahua fighters while heading to fight Confederates in New Mexico. When Cochise said he Dec 31, 2021 · Recent infighting within the Chiricahua Apache Nation has raised a fundamental question: Who can legitimately identify themselves as Chiricahua Apache? For the Oklahoma-based Fort Sill Apache Tribe, the answer is straightforward: Its membership is composed of the descendants of the Warm Springs band of Chiricahua who surrendered with Geronimo to the U. Southwest in the 1860s; the southeasternmost county of Arizona bears his name. They call themselves Ndé, meaning “man” or “person. Today’s tribal members are survivors and descendants of the Chiricahua Apache tribe, whose original territory covered much of what is now the American Southwest including eastern Arizona and western New Mexico, along the United States The Apache (/ əˈpætʃi / ə-PATCH-ee) are several Southern Athabaskan language -speaking peoples of the Southwest, the Southern Plains and Northern Mexico. Everything changed in 1861 when Lieutenant Bascom May 13, 2021 · The Apache Joan of ArcAs the Americans moved westward, Lozen and the rest of the Chiricahua's fought back. May 22, 2024 · Colorado is home to a vibrant Native American heritage, including several Apache tribes that have called this land home for centuries. The Pinal Apaches, Aravaipa Apaches, Tonto Apaches, and Yavapais took the brunt of American miners’ encroachments. Explore the rich culture and self-determination of the Chiricahua Apache, honoring human rights and traditions across their ancestral territory. [23] Linguist Harry Hoijer noted that in 1938, the Lipan people in South Texas spoke a Southern Athapaskan language. Fly, Tombstone photographer. The Apache Land that was home to the tribe, is indicated on the Southwest Indian Land Map, which was occupied by the Apache before the arrival of the Europeans. Oct 1, 2014 · The traditional territory of the Western Apache is in Arizona and ranges from as far north as Sedona to as far south as the San Pedro River Valley. It was a tense meeting. acquisition of large tracts of the desert and mountain southwest. The population is integrated with the rest In the Chiricahua Apache clan system, matrilineal marriage groups are organized by generations, with matrilineal relatives being important. From 1861, when soldiers unjustly hanged some of his relatives, he warred relentlessly against the U. The two shared a bond of mutual respect and friendship that to this day stories are still told about. Peace talks in 1872 promised him a reservation on his native territory, but after he died his people were removed. The Chiricahua Apache (Ndé) are the Indigenous People of the Southwest – lands now known as New Mexico, Arizona, Texas and Northern Mexico's states of Sonora and Chihuahua. Nov 22, 2022 · Geronimo was part of the Chiricahua Apache community, one of several divisions within the Apache tribe of North America. 25. com Tribal Headquarters 125 Arenas Valley Road Santa Clara, NM USA 88022 575-534-1379 Jun 17, 2018 · THE CHIRICAHUA APACHE MIMBRENO NDE NATION GOVERNED UNDER INTERNATIONAL COMMON LAW FEDERAL SUPREME ENFORCEMENT The Chiricahua Apache Mimbreno Nde Nation is related to the Chiricahua Apache Warm Springs Bands. In January 1861, Tonto Apaches hit John Ward’s ranch, swiping his cattle and taking his 12-year-old stepson. The tribe is federally recognized as the Mescalero Apache Tribe of the Mescalero Apache Reservation, located in south-central New Mexico. Their journey is not just a tale of conflict but a testament to their enduring spirit and cultural identity. They migrated from the Athabascan homelands in the north into the Southwest between 1000 and 1500 CE. With him is Chiricahua Apache scout Ba-Keitz-Ogie (Yellow Coyote, ca. The Kiowa-Apache are a part of the Kiowa Nation. For this reason Southern Arizona Guide has many articles about this complex and fascinating era of our history: America’s longest war. Apache Mothers and Daughters, an illustrated family history of four generations of Chiricahua Apache women from 1848 to the present, is an eloquent testimonial to the strength and the stamina of Apache women. From there, they raided the border region for ten years. government the excuse to close the Chiricahua reservation, discharge Chihenne Chiricahua Apache. The kidnapped boy was later found living with the Coyotero Apache. Southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona and northern parts of Mexico were Chiricahua territory. Sill Apaches. When rancher John Ward’s son went missing, Cochise’s band was brought in for questioning. The Apache tribe consists of six subtribes: the Western Apache, Chiricahua, Mescalero, Jicarilla, Lipan and Kiowa. Each subtribe is from a different geographial region. At the time of Spanish colonial contact, the Chiricahua lived in what are now the southwestern United States and northern Mexico. For two days, July 15th and 16th, they fought hard for control of Apache Spring, one of the only water sources in the are. Ninety-six California volunteers pushed their way through the pass, finally driving off the The Bascom Massacre was a confrontation between Apache Indians and the United States Army under Lt. government establishes the Chiricahua Apache Reservation in southern Arizona Territory and moved Geronimo there 301 Moved Permanently301 Moved Permanently nginx/1. The Old Pueblo Archaeology (OPA) bulletin no. In the mid-1800s, the United States claimed a large part of Chiricahua Apache territory, ignoring the tribe's rights. Based in the Southern Plains and Southwestern United States, the Chiricahua historically shared a common area, language, customs, and intertwined family relations with their fellow Apaches. Apr 15, 2013 · It was the territory’s last to close and its last reservation designated for the Chiricahua Apache until one in southern New Mexico was proclaimed for our tribe in 2011. It has been considered to have directly precipitated the decades-long Apache Wars between the United States and several tribes in the southwestern United States. The terms were that they would be kept as prisoners of war for two years, then allowed to return to their homelands. Apr 22, 2017 · As part of the terms of the 1872 treaty the general named Jeffords agent of the new Chiricahua Apache Indian Reservation in Arizona Territory. This land was given for the permanent settlement of the Apache Prisoners of War by the Kiowa, Comanch and Kiowa-Apache tribes. The Army sent Lieutenant Bascom with soldiers to Apache Pass to deal with Cochise, where Bascom met with him about the boy. Despite their status as U. , after Geronimo and 300 Chiricahua Apache were taken by the U. Though often at odds with opposing forces, his The Apache are a group of culturally related Native American tribes in the Southwestern United States, which include the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipan, Mescalero, Mimbreño, Ndendahe That act is thought to be the catalyst for the Chiricahua Apache Indian Wars that raged for the next twenty-five years. This legacy is shaped by a nomadic lifestyle, storied rituals and ceremonies, fierce warriors, and The only executed treaty between the United States (U. Lipan Apache is a Southern Athabaskan language, considered to be closely related to the Jicarilla Apache language. Famous Chiricahua Apr 19, 2016 · The Apache people include six traditional Apachean speaking groups called the Chiricahua, Jicarilla, Lipans, Mescalero, Plains Apache, and Western Apache. army. Image by C. The Mescalero Apache Tribe, located in South Central New Mexico, welcomes you to familiarize yourself with our history, traditions, and the current vision of our Tribe. The Chiricahua Apache leader used these rock formations as his base, launching raids and then vanishing into stone corridors that confused every cavalry unit sent after him. com Chiricahua Apache Nation Wesbite www. The area contained a spring, the only reliable source of water for miles on the Butterfield Stage Line. During the first years of American control all was quiet, but in 1858 the route of a transcontinental stage line was laid out across May 18, 2023 · Long before Dragoon Springs was a stop on the Butterfield Overland Mail route, it was the territory of the Chiricahua Apache. The Treaty of Santa Fe did not expressly delineate the territory of the Chiricahua Apache Nation as the parties did not see it necessary to do so. Jun 4, 2020 · The Chiricahua Apache were taken as prisoners of war in 1886. Chiricahua (/ ˌtʃɪrɪˈkɑːwə / CHIRR-i-KAH-wə) is a band of Apache Native Americans. One of the most famous Apache leaders who resisted the westward expansion by white settlers was Cochise of the Chiricahua Apache. The final conflict began in The home base for WolfHorse Outfitters is located in the heartland of traditional Chiricahua and Warm Springs Apache territory and can be found at the southeastern foothills of the Pinos Altos (Tall Pines) Range. had annexed a third of Mexico in the 1840s, and the Americans wanted Cochise to use his influence to stop raids from the Apache reservation across the border into APACHE, FORT SILL. Definition Geronimo (Goyahkla, l. As the American death toll rose, the United States Army established multiple forts and outposts throughout Apache territory to defend the settlers moving west. S. ” The Chiricahua have also been called Nde Benah Traditional Chiricahua Apache Territory Executive Council Contact Joe Saenz, Nant'an, (575) 534-1379, apache@wolfhorseoutfitters. Ndé occupied and existed within their territories with each local group adapting to their own distinct environment, climate and/or terrains by available food sources. Feb 15, 2009 · →June 1829 — →March 5, 1851 — Geronimo returns to camp with other Apache men after trading at Janos in the Mexican state of Chihuahua. Due to encroachment by Spain and later Mexico, the Chokonen and Nednhi-Chiricahua became increasingly dependent upon food rations issued by the Mexican government to placate them. Foreigners poured into Chiricahua territory. In May 1883, General Crook led 325 Chiricahuas from Mexico back to the San Carlos Reservation. Cochise was known to his people as A-da-tli-chi, meaning hardwood, and lived in the area that is now the northern Mexican region of Sonora, as well as New Mexico and Arizona. Born into the Chihenne band during the late 1840s, Lozen was, according to legends, able to use her powers in battle to learn the movements of the enemy. The following year, Crook led an expedition into the Sierra Madre Mountains of northern Mexico. Nothing is known of Cochise’s birth or early life. Located in the Southwest, the Apache people resisted colonization of their lands by both Spanish and North American peoples. He and his warriors raided in both Mexico and the United States, crossing the border both ways to obtain sanctuary after raids for cattle, horses, and other livestock. S. The ending of the Civil War provided an almost endless supply of troops for the Americans; veterans from both the Union and the about a Chiricahua chief, Chato, who lived in the times of the Apache wars, survived twenty-seven years of prisoner of war internment, and twenty-one years of life on the Mescalero reservation. Jul 10, 2021 · Chiricahua speak an Athabaskan language, relating them to tribes of western Canada. Government as prisoners in Florida for 28 years. They are linguistically related to the Navajo. To protect these settlers, military posts were built and, in 1861, a skirmish at Apache Pass in the Chiricahua Mountains brought Cochise Among the Apache are made up of several small tribes, each with distinctions that separate one another, but all share common themes that collectively join them together. Websites Mescalero Apache Tribe Website mescaleroapachetribe. In the mid 1800's, the US claimed a large portion of Chiricahua Apache territory, ignoring the tribe's rights. reciprocally recognized that the other party met the four required criteria for recognition as a state/nation under international law: (1) the existence of a defined people that (2) live within a defined territory with a (3) government that Oct 30, 2021 · In 1887, they were relocated to Alabama, then Indian Territory (Oklahoma) in 1894. In that year, a total of 87 Chiricahua were allotted lands on the former Kiowa-Comanche Reservation, not far from Fort Sill. Read on to learn what happened to the Apache tribe throughout the years. The Mimbrenos lived in West Texas, The Chiricahua Apaches Cochise, Geronimo and Mangas Coloradas Mangas Coloradas For generations the Apaches resisted white colonization of their homeland in the Southwest (presently New Mexico and Arizona) by both Spaniards and North Americans. While at Fort Sill they engaged in farming and cattle raising and in these enterprises they and some of them enlisted in the regular arm By Stan Brown Before the founding of Prescott in 1863, Apache raids on ranches and wagon trains occurred in the southern part of what would become the Arizona Territory. chiricahuaapache. government commitment to maintain the travel corridor along the Mexican border through Chiricahua Apache territory soon expanded. 4 Jun 6, 2023 · In 1913, the Chiricahua Apache were released as prisoners of war from the Fort Sill military reservation near Lawton, Okla. Sill Apache Tribe By Olan Field From the U. The Chiricahua formerly shared a same territory, language, traditions, and interconnected familial relationships with other Apache groups. War was coming with the Chiricahua Apache. The U. Through our unique culture, a spiritual holistic possession of our home territory; a traditional mobile lifestyle organized as bands, with a hunting and gathering subsistence, strict social conduct and physical superiority, the Chiricahua ruled an area that now extends over five states and two nations. By 1860, open raiding was occurring and Chiricahua Apache leader Cochise was widely known as a shrewd strategist and fearless warrior. Miles promised the scouts a large sum of money, many horses, mules, and a lifetime pension if they were successful. What we think we know is probably only a… Cochise (“oak” in Apache) was an Apache chief of the Chiricahua group, born around 1810, probably in Arizona, and died on June 9, 1874. -Mexico Border to military prisons in Alabama and Florida, the Chiricahua Apache tribe would find itself as the last Native American group to be relocated to Indian Territory. In 1850, the United States took control over the territory that today comprises Arizona and New Mexico. 1855–1893), at left, and Alchesay (1853–1928), a White Mountain Apache scout who earned the Medal of Honor during Crook’s campaign against the Chiricahua. Nov 21, 2012 · Cochise, a Chiricahua, was said to be the most resourceful, most brutal, most feared Apache. The tribe’s original territory covered much of what is now the American Southwest, including eastern Arizona and western New Mexico, along the United States border with Mexico. Jun 15, 2025 · Dragoon Mountains, Southeast Arizona Before tourists came for the views, Cochise came for cover. Through this connection, Cochise would gain more influence over the Chiricahua Apache. Cross-border relations had been troubled ever since the U. They also had family ties with other The Chiricahua Apache Mimbres people today are among many Apache tribes still persevering to regain a foothold in its historical territory around Silver City, N. 72 map on page 3 of Rebecca Orozco’s “Searching for Geronimo” article shows approximate boundaries of the 1872-1876 Chiricahua Apache Reservation that OPA editor Allen Dart reconstructed from a description of the reservation in the 1872 Annual Report of the Commissioner for Indian Affairs. Their strategy, geography knowledge, and resistance shaped Arizona history and Indigenous sovereignty. Fort Bowie troops would capture these Apache fighters and send them to the San Carlos reservation, but most managed to escape. This territory has become known to all as "Apacheria Feb 26, 2025 · Apache Leader Geronimo Surrendered at Fort Bowie In 1876, after the government closed the Chiricahua reservation, Geronimo and his warriors fled to Mexico’s Sierra Madre mountains. One of the treaty stipulations Cochise insisted on was that Jeffords serve as agent for the new reservation. The Chiricahua tribe its name meaning 'the red paint people' lived on land west of the Rio Grande and conjoined with the Mescalero Apache. Cochise and the Chokonen-Chiricahua lived in the area that is now the northern Mexican region of Sonora, New Mexico, and Arizona, which were traditional Apache territories until the coming of the Europeans. Senate on 23 March 1853 (10 Stat. Born around 1805, his name meant “having the quality of oak. Apache Nde Nation Events and Announcements Cochise (died June 8, 1874, Chiricahua Apache Reservation, Arizona Territory, U. 1815-1874, Chief of the Chiricahua APACHE in Arizona, noted for courage, integrity, and military skill. This Constitution supersedes the by-laws of the Chiricahua Apache Alliance, a non-profit state chartered corporation of Arizona and New Mexico, as well as any and all traditional forms of governance. ) and Apache Indians with aboriginal territories in what is now Arizona was signed in Santa Fe, New Mexico Territory, on 1 July 1852, ratified by the U. Army. Today's Fort Sill Apache are actually the survivors and descendants of the Chiricahua Apache tribe, whose original territory covered much of what is now the American Southwest In the years between 1866 and 1900, nearly 3,600 black soldiers served in the New Mexico Territory. They are composed of six regional groups: Western Apache - Coyotero - most of eastern Arizona which include the White Cochise led the Chiricahua band of the Apache during a period of violent social upheaval. Under his command were 1,000 people including 250 warriors. The descendants of Chiricahua Apaches are now known as the Ft. [1] Once The Fort Sill Apache Tribe is comprised of the descendants of the Chiricahua and Warm Springs Apaches who lived in southwestern New Mexico, southeastern Arizona and northern Mexico until they were removed from their homelands and held as Prisoners of War by the United States from 1886-1914. When this Jun 11, 2025 · Geronimo – The Last Apache Holdout The name Geronimo resonates through history, evoking images of a fierce warrior, a symbol of resistance, and the embodiment of the Apache struggle against the relentless encroachment of the United States and Mexico. Cochise and the Chiricahua Apache were unmatched experts in Arizona mountain warfare, using the Dragoon and Chiricahua ranges to outmaneuver the U. Relax at the campground under star-filled, dark skies. " The Apache tribe consists of six subtribes: the Western Apache, Chiricahua, Mescalero, Jicarilla, Lipan and Kiowa. That incident gave the U. After the Mexican–American War in 1846, the United States annexed conflicted territory from Mexico which was the home of both settlers and Apache tribes. The Chiricahua Apache, a band of Apache Native Americans who call themselves Ndé ("the people"), had a long and complex history of conflict with Spanish and Mexican authorities from the 16th century through the early 19th century. Closely related languages include Navajo The last band of Apache raiders, active in ensuing years under the Chiricahua Warrior Geronimo, was hunted down in 1886 and sent first to Florida, then to Alabama, and finally to the Oklahoma Territory, where they settled among the Kiowa-Apache. I won’t go into detail about the Apache War of 1861 which was triggered by a false accusation against Chiricahua Apache chief Cochise and led to atrocities on both Sep 12, 2025 · The Fort Sill Apache Tribe of Oklahoma is made up of the descendants of the Chiricahua and Warm Springs Apache people that lived in Southern New Mexico until 1886, when they were forcibly removed and held by the U. The Apaches were warriors and raiders. On February 17, 1865, with the Civil War winding down, the Union Army was sparsely defending the territory around Fort Buchanan. The Chiricahua (pronounced CHIRR-i-KAH-wuh) are a group of Apache Native Americans. As many as 80 Chiricahua men answered the call. If any white man would Mescalero or Mescalero Apache (Mescalero-Chiricahua: Naa'dahéńdé) is an Apache tribe of Southern Athabaskan –speaking Native Americans. The affair led to an open Jan 17, 2025 · In 1882, Brig. May 8, 2025 · The Bascom Blunder That Started A War It all kicked off with a misunderstanding. Accordingly, they saw action in most of the engagements with Chiricahua peoples. George Nicholas Bascom in the Arizona Territory in early 1861. Homelands and Lifestyle: The ancestral homeland of the Chiricahua encompassed parts of what is now southeastern Arizona, southwestern New Mexico, and northern Mexico. Army installations in Florida and Alabama. blpxtzaf aid uwtwl diwm vmnrevqp xby sisi ktmtlu ypl ejb escc aragvcg xunpyz lgnyzwt pcypr