Google maps compass calibration not working Even after calibrating. Note: You’ll also notice another The compass is not reliable. After calibrating your compass, your maps should start working properly again. In this article, we’ll explore the importance of compass calibration, how to calibrate the compass in Google Maps, troubleshooting common issues, and tips to optimize your navigation experience. With that said, i don’t really see too many issues day-to-day, although when I was traveling I always opt to use my iPhone, especially when I use walking directions since compass accuracy is more important. However, even with its advanced technology, Google Maps is not infallible. Jun 14, 2024 路 Hello. How to fix this? Share Sort by: Best Open comment sort options Best Add a Comment hypercat_ext • Sep 30, 2025 路 Is your iPhone compass inaccurate or not working? Learn how to fix iOS compass calibration issues with easy step-by-step solutions to restore accuracy. FIX 2: Improve Location Jul 6, 2023 路 Google maps compass 馃Л indicator is not showing up in miui 14. But what is the use of the Compass app if it doesn’t display the directions correctly? You can fix or calibrate your Compass app on your iPhone following these sets of solutions. I've used a few compass apps and have checked google maps and my phone's compass looks to be inaccurate by just over 90 degrees. Whether you're using an Android or iPhone, these tips will help Hi there, I have been having issues with Google Maps since I got my Pixel 7. I cannot find any compass calibration controls on the dash display or in the owners manual, although I don't think it's a calibration issue. Apr 8, 2025 路 In addition to standalone compass calibration apps, many navigation applications come equipped with built-in calibration tools. After failing to reliably calibrate on multiple phones over quite some time, I seem to be the cause of the issues. See how to it in this post. Jun 6, 2025 路 This wikiHow teaches you how to change your browser and computer settings in order to get accurate and personalized location information in Google Maps. A lot of compass apps including Accurate Compass work by using data from the magnetometer sensor in your Android device. The app will then display the current viewing direction with a compass arrow. Apps like GPS Essentials allow you to calibrate not only your compass but also test the strength of your GPS signal. Not just in maps, but Citymapper as well. Is your compass accuracy low in Google Maps on your Xiaomi phone? Don't worry folks. So basically, the compass is never correct in Google maps (direction is frozen). Today I teach you how to calibrate Google Maps from the app. We weren't using any electrical device that could have created some stray magnetic fields. Here's what to do. You will also find plenty of free compass apps on the Play Store that will help you to calibrate the compass on your Android Phone. Jun 5, 2024 路 Google Maps can accurately detect your location, but only if you calibrate the app correctly. Oct 12, 2023 路 Here's how you can calibrate Google Maps to make sure the compass, directions, etc. Jul 2, 2025 路 The integrated compass within Google Maps is a crucial navigational aid, particularly for pedestrian and vehicular navigation in unfamiliar environments. ” Perform the figure eight movement: Move your smartphone three times in a horizontal figure eight Mar 22, 2022 路 - You can even open the Google map within this compass and can navigate to your destination address. Force-quit and re-open Compass app 2. Older Maps versions lasts Just got this vehicle used 80k miles and if I go to the Navigation screen it says I am in the next state over and in the upper right corner it shows GPS with a red slash thru it. You can calibrate your compass in Google Maps by following these steps: Open Google Maps. If this shows, tap the message to get: Info on your location accuracy issue A suggestion on how to resolve it An option to try to calibrate Maps to improve your accuracy A link to share feedback The blue dot is gray. I would test them all one by one not next to each other as they still use the magnetic field to measure and the phones can interfere witch each other. After updating to MIUI 14, Google Maps doesn't show my orientation anymore. Jul 19, 2021 路 Open the Google Maps app and tap the little blue dot that shows your current location. I tried to find a "calibrate compass" setting in Maps, but I couldn't find it. It will help you accurately get to where you need to go anytime. Mar 25, 2024 路 This wikiHow teaches you how to improve accuracy in Google Maps for Android by re-calibrating the compass. I've tried calibrating in the compass app, but no change. I just bought the Pixel 6 Pro less than a month ago and I've reset the Google Maps app but when I go to the Google Maps settings the compass/calibration option is just plain not there. Disable True North Nov 11, 2021 路 Google Maps stopped working on your Samsung device? Check out this troubleshooting guide to fix Google Maps not working on Samsung issue. Oct 8, 2022 路 In addition to using Google Maps, there are other third-party apps that you can use for this purpose. Update iOS to the latest version 4. I tapped the blue location marker and it opened a menu where I pressed calibrate compass. Enable compass calibration to enhance the accuracy of your device's compass for better directional Steps to Calibrate Google Maps’ Compass Launch the Google Maps app and make sure the location feature is enabled Move your phone with a figure-of-eight motion Repeat the motion for one minute and check if the compass is working properly now. Google Maps calibrates breifly with the camera but then reverts to being incorrect. I have seen it work, but it usually does not work. Nov 28, 2021 路 I have been having constant compass/GPS direction issues with my 3 week old S21 Ultra. Aug 3, 2023 路 Calibrating your iPhone's compass is very simple, but sometimes the phone's motion sensor can be out of adjustment. This is despite the fact that it detects in which direction I move and despite phone GPS being accurate enough to use in compass apps. In the past, if your compass glitched, you'd need to go through an iPhone compass recalibration process. 3. Select Calibrate compass at the bottom left of the screen. How can I calibrate the compass on my phone? Tap the blue circle symbol (this can't be done while getting the directions so either do it before or stop and restart it afterwards [no idea why]) on the pop-up menu choose calibrate and let the camera scan a few buildings around to understand it's direction. In this article, we will explain how to readjust the motion sensor on your iPhone and then calibrate your compass more accurately. Is Calibrating Google Maps improves the accuracy of your location and directions. I am unable to calibrate the inbuilt compass. Calibrate Your Compass: Figure 8 pattern method Works for most compass calibration problems on Android and is the default calibration method to point Google Maps beam in the right direction. I tapped 'Cancel' just under the circle, thinking I could come back to it again (last time I do that dumb move with an Apple product!). Aug 15, 2025 路 Inaccurate compass or location on Google Maps? A clear guide to calibrating and improving accuracy on mobile and PC. 3) Open the Google Maps app on your iPhone or iPad and make a figure 8 until your compass is calibrated. I also tried restarting my phone, and deleting/reinstalling the app, but no luck, May 20, 2022 路 First, check location accuracy: Open Google Maps > check for blue dot, or tap bullseye icon > calibrate. Mar 14, 2020 路 Google Maps uses your Android device’s magnetometer to determine which direction you’re heading. And what the other guys said doing the eight motion should also help to calibrate. I travel quite a lot and I need maps to move around cities that i am not familiar with and I feel very stupid having to turn around because the phone is saying I am facing a different direction than the one I am facing Mar 20, 2024 路 Relying on your Google Pixel 8’s GPS for navigation can be incredibly convenient until it suddenly stops working. These tools often help you with quick calibration steps while integrating additional features such as map navigation and AR functionalities. For optimal location precision, it might be necessary to calibrate the compass within the app. It's the map icon typically found on the home screen or in the app drawer. When I went back in to Maps the calibration interface did not Jul 2, 2025 路 Map Alignment: Option to automatically rotate the map display to align with the device’s heading. May 14, 2025 路 Follow up, calibrated during day time, with the camera, and it works great. Open Google Maps on your Android. Next, hold device right-side up > move device in a figure-8 motion until beam narrows. There is also a compas calibration setting in the gps settings under system services if I remember correctly which can use gps to help calibrate. If problems persist, make sure you have the newest version of Google Maps installed and restart your device. The calibration process typically involves moving your phone in a figure-eight motion to re-establish a reliable baseline. I have toggled it on and off in settings to no avail. Jan 27, 2023 路 Can't calibrate the compass I can't calibrate the compass accuracy, I been moving my phone in 8 like half an hour and it doesn't make any thing, if I press on finalize it's like if I didn't do anything help Calibrate Google Maps Here's how to calibrate your Google Maps compass: Step 1: Open the Google Maps Application. Please check. In this tutorial, find out how you can calibrate the Google Maps arrow towards your direction in navigation mode. Then for the compass all it says is CAL on the display. Why would you use google maps on apple? Kinda defeats the point and google maps sucks. Turn off/on Location Services 6. Jun 26, 2023 路 If you find that your Google Maps not working properly, don't fret! We've compiled a list of 12 ways to help you fix the problem. Follow the instructions in the pop-up window (move your phone in a figure-eight pattern with a small twist at each end). Google Maps is only good if it knows where you are, and calibrating lets you give it a helping hand. Sep 5, 2023 路 Follow along. There’s Aug 4, 2018 路 Having trouble getting the blue dot on Google Maps to point in the right direction? You're not alone! You probably need to calibrate your smartphone's compass. I hold the phone and the motion looks like I am moving west. Jul 21, 2021 路 Have you ever opened Google Maps or even Apple Maps on your iPhone and found that the compass was pointing the wrong direction? You're looking one way up the block but the compass says you're pointing the opposite direction? Supposedly Apple put in a co-processor to keep the compass calibrated but my compass seems to always be wrong anyway. Every navigation app I u Combining these two points, one could infer that the issue is specific to Android phones using Google Maps in areas where environmental interference is high, and data inputs exceed a threshold for reliability when cross-referenced by Google Maps, triggering the prompt to re-calibrate. Oct 13, 2025 路 Scroll down and tap on System Services to toggle Compass Calibration on/off. Every two days, I need to recalibrate the map, even though I always have Wi-Fi and mobile data enabled. I live in a downtown area with high-speed GPS connectivity, so I don't understand why this keeps happening. one of the things I have been told was to click on the blue dot and click calibrate, but is not possible because this option is gray. Follow the instructions on the screen to calibrate your compass. Car speed, compass, location are nearly 100% accurate, and signal to noise raito (SNR) is "very good" with 37 dB. Here's how to calibrate the app on both iPhone and Android. Nov 15, 2023 路 Calibrate your compass. Mar 8, 2016 路 Fix Compass Calibration Issues on Android [How-To] Gadget Hacks 356K subscribers Subscribed Oct 1, 2024 路 How to Fix Sky Map Not Working The following troubleshooting guide will start with the most common issues and work toward less frequent problems. Location services is turned on and everything in system services is also turned on However, now and then I have a problem with the compass calibration in Google Maps. The compass can be calibrated (search Google), but the main reason for incorrect compass display is magnetic influences, for example magnetic closure on the case or a MagSafe ring. Your location might be difficult for Google Maps to find. Tap the blue dot that shows your location. There is an option in Google Maps to keep the map north up, maybe you would prefer this? I personally don't, I like my maps moving the direction I'm travelling. Is there a way to reset this? I've heard to go thru menus and select Calibrate May 8, 2023 路 To fix iPhone compass not working, 1. Open Google Maps, then move your phone in a figure-eight motion a few times so that the app can better gauge your location. Oct 26, 2025 路 How to fix Google Street View if it’s not Working How to Find Halfway Point on Google Maps The compass feature in Google Maps is a simple yet handy tool that helps improve your navigation experience. If Google Maps doesn't give the correct location, fix it. Check for interference 5. For some reason my app stopped working and tells me to recalibrate the compass. 36 Google Maps sometimes asks me to calibrate my compass. Jan 1, 2020 路 Compass not working on google maps, but compass is enabled in settings? I’m going nuts trying to figure out how to fix this. Basically whenever I am using maps the orientation points in the opposite direction than I am going. Last time it did so, I was in a rush and didn't bother to, and now the compass does seem a bit off. It doesn't affect navigation because google maps uses where you've been and where you're at now to determine direction when in motion. Your location accuracy has an issue if: There’s a wide blue circle around the blue dot and a low accuracy message. It's the one where one has to roll a ball round a circle perimeter. Feb 27, 2018 路 My iPhone X Compass not working I found my iPhone X (256GB, space gray) compass not working, with compass app open I have my correct location with Lat/Long & elevation but the compass itself seems like been frozen and doesn't move at all, It shows the compass rose but the bubble does not move when phone is moved. CPU-Z : https://play. There’s no blue dot. May 25, 2011 路 The Compass on the Epic doesn't work properly. If the GPS location of your blue dot on the map is inaccurate or missing, you can take steps to help fix the problem. Sell Android phone Buy iPhone I’m not trolling, but GPS and compass on Android has always lagged behind iPhone. Oct 14, 2025 路 When your Android GPS stops working, it can be frustrating - especially when you need navigation or location-based services. To improve your location, follow the on Jan 20, 2025 路 A side benefit of calibrating the compass is improved accuracy when using Apple Maps, Google Maps, and other apps that rely on directional data for navigation. My google maps app is up to date. There are several reasons why your GPS might malfunction, including software If the GPS does not work correctly and takes you on other streets you need to fix it. IX: Fix Google Maps Not Working Issue In One Click With Dr. Step 2: Hold your phone, and move the device in a figure-eight motion —there is a beam narrow as you move. Get step-by-step instructions and troubleshooting tips to always know your orientation while navigating. Jan 17, 2023 路 Learning how to calibrate compass on Android will help you get the most out of Google Maps. Troubleshoot location accuracy issues in Google Maps Your location accuracy has an issue if: There’s a wide blue circle around the blue dot and a low accuracy message. Just got this vehicle used 80k miles and if I go to the Navigation screen it says I am in the next state over and in the upper right corner it shows GPS with a red slash thru it. Oct 10, 2024 路 Can not get satellite view to work in the google maps layers icon iPhone 13. The "keep map north up" setting is off. 2. Aug 28, 2024 路 I did testing for about 1 hour, with other navigation apps, older versions of Maps, GPS testing apps and it is not a hardware issue. Aug 25, 2023 路 Why Calibrating Google Maps is Important Google Maps has become an essential tool for navigation, whether you are traveling to a new city or trying to find the quickest route to your favorite restaurant. 100% software because as you see in the screenshot, accuracy is higher than 99%. Feb 16, 2025 路 Learn how to easily display a compass on Google Maps. So it's been a few days that the compass on my s24 ultra points the wrong way. While calibration may not be necessary to plan long trips across countries, getting accurate Map Misalignment: If the directions provided by mapping applications (like Google Maps) do not align with the physical world, your compass might need recalibration. GNSS also working with "perfect" accuracy. Samsung tech support basically told me to do a factory reset and/or bring it in for service. Apr 29, 2024 路 Every iPhone comes with an in-built Compass app on the device. Jan 30, 2021 路 If you find that the magnetic sensor or compass of your Smartphone is not functioning properly, you will need to calibrate it. Jun 7, 2021 路 Google Maps needs your precise current location to show flawless directions and for that, calibration of the Maps compass is very important. While seemingly simple, its functionality relies on a complex interplay of hardware, software, and algorithmic processing. My Pixel 5a (but I've seen pages and pages of message boards about other pixel models as well) loses its compass calibration all the time, but only in Google maps. Feb 14, 2025 路 Whenever I open google maps on my Samsung S25, its showing that my device is not calibrated, sitting in a room I try to calibrate using the loop gesture but it does not provide me feedback or any kind of gesture to indicate a successful calibration. - Compass for Android is useful if you want to put your furniture in certain direction. If the compass is not calibrated, it can lead to Google Maps not working. Jun 3, 2025 路 Wondering why is Google Maps not working? Here is a detailed guide with common problems and their solutions so you can fix your Google Maps issues. Didn't show at first but after a few seconds it switched pop-ups and said calibrated accuracy high. Errors in GPS Navigation: If you experience problems with GPS navigation or location accuracy, the compass calibration could be a contributing factor. I can correct it with Google Map's AR, but how do I fix the default compass to work properly even without live view? I tried calibrating via the figure eight pattern, but sometimes it makes the Google Maps circle direction even worse. Mar 22, 2022 路 - You can even open the Google map within this compass and can navigate to your destination address. If this shows, tap the message to get: Info on your location accuracy issue A suggestion on how to resolve it An option to try to calibrate Maps to improve your accuracy A link to share feedback The blue dot is grey. I've been trying to calibrate my compass on Google maps but it's not working. Thanks for watching. For walking navigation the arrow shows only location. Jun 29, 2025 路 When the compass in Google Maps isn’t responding properly, like not rotating with you or keeping up with your turns, it’s usually related to calibration or some kind of permission hiccup between the phone and the app. Apr 24, 2025 路 Fortunately, Google Maps often prompts you to calibrate the compass if it detects significant discrepancies. I always keep my screen orientation locked. Calibrating Google Maps manually also does not work. Aug 3, 2024 路 Is your location wrong in Google Maps? You can calibrate your iPhone or iPad’s compass and improve location accuracy in Google Maps using the system settings or within the Google Maps app. Here's how to calibrate the compass on Google Maps on iPhone or iPad. Fone Now, if all you are looking for is the fastest way to resolve Google Maps not working issue on your Android phone, we present you with a one-click solution to do just that! May 8, 2025 路 To display the compass direction in Google Maps, tap the blue dot that marks your location. Nov 12, 2025 路 Get Your iPhone Compass App Working Again! If you're exploring after creating a custom map in Apple Maps and your compass stops working, you could be in trouble. Jan 1, 2020 路 Compass calibration is turned on, and it is working well, even with Commander GPS app, but when it comes to Google Maps and Moovit, I can’t see the direction. Not all devices have this sensor, so the first thing to check is whether your device has – if not you may be out of luck! The website gsmarena has useful info for many different makes of phone. So one could think, the compass in my phone ist broken. Now select Calibrate and do as instructed [tilt and move your device to create a horizontal 8]. - In addition, Android Compass with bubble level, spirit level is an instrument designed to indicate whether a surface is horizontal (level) or vertical (plumb). Enable GPS/Location on your device from the Quick Settings toggle. This article delves into the mechanisms that enable the compass feature, troubleshooting common issues, and exploring Jun 9, 2022 路 My phone calibration not working When i use Google maps, the compass always say low accuracy. This video shows how to calibrate the compass in your mobile device for apps like Google Maps. Enable Compass Calibration 3. Aug 2, 2024 路 Is the Compass app not working on your iPhone? Take a look at this article as we provide you with 10 methods to fix the issue. Help Center Community Google Maps Privacy Policy Terms of Service Community Policy Community Overview Enable Dark Mode Send feedback about our Help Center Update: Clearing cache and storage, uninstalling maps and all of those steps seems to be working for now. Technical Considerations The accuracy of the Google Maps compass relies on the following factors: Device Magnetometer: The quality and calibration of the device’s magnetometer directly impact compass accuracy. Work through the list from top to bottom to resolve your Sky Map issue. For years now, Google Maps has been and is still failing to point the position arrow in the right direction on pedestrian navigation. I'm experiencing a recurring issue with Google Maps on my Samsung device. To improve your device’s location accuracy, you need to calibrate your compass in the Google Maps app. I'd consider myself very knowledgeable about Android and Google products. How to fix this? Share Sort by: Best Open comment sort options Best Add a Comment hypercat_ext • Nov 11, 2025 路 Learn how to easily display a compass on Google Maps. I tried calibration, but camera one doesn't work and 8 motion isn't available all the time. GPS is not a compass, so the phone has no way of knowing which way you are pointing it. Once done, check if it fixes the compass not working issue on Android. From your Android, you can calibrate the Google Maps compass if it gives navigation problems. If I delete all Google Maps data and reopen the app, it works for a few seconds. Tap the compass icon in the bottom-left corner of the screen. Jan 6, 2021 路 I've tried to re-calibrate, but the accuracy level does not change even after a couple of figure-8 motions with my phone. Any way to permanently fix this?馃 Every compass on android is rather bad, Googles own solution was to use their street view images and calibrate it with the camera of the phone. Feb 18, 2024 路 If you're experiencing Google Maps location issues, you might want to calibrate the app - here's how to do it on iPhone and Android. However, when stationary, the built in compass displays incorrectly on the map. If the display is incorrect, calibrate the compass as follows: Open the menu: After tapping the blue dot, tap “Calibrate. Fix compass issues on Google Maps, covering compass calibration, GPS accuracy, and location services. In other words, it is very difficult to assure accurate compass readings. Nov 11, 2025 路 Learn how to easily display a compass on Google Maps. By following these easy steps, you can show and use the compass on Google Maps, ensuring you’re always headed in the right direction. Nov 8, 2021 路 If Google Maps GPS is not working, check the network, clear app data, calibrate the compass, or reinstall Google Maps. May 7, 2023 路 From my own testing, it works on some devices, while doesn't on others (and shows "low accuracy" for whatever reason, and calibration doesn't do anything), and Google Maps seems to be the only affected app, so not a compass (or other sensor) issue. Aug 1, 2025 路 Text Instructions First, on your kid's iPhone or iPad, let's try to calibrate GPS using the Google Maps app. It does not change to show direction to walk. A reboot will fix it, but a few hours later the problem is back. Update your phone's software. Location services is turned on and everything in system services is also turned on Introducing our new OnePlus Community experience, with a completely revamped structure, built from the ground-up. Hi, I have an A53, and finding that compass is not accurate. Nov 11, 2024 路 Hi all, Is it just my phone or the compass in S24 Ultra is a total disaster? How is it possible that in all other phones I have side by side (Realme 9 Pro+, iPhone SE 2020, iPhone 16 Pro) the accuracy of pointing north is quite good. The compass seems to work in another app (SKY MAP) but not in google See full list on howtogeek. Any solutions? Or is just broken? Thanx. Sep 12, 2024 路 Here are 5 efficient ways to fix your iPhone compass not working problem, see how to bring your compass back to normal. Sep 24, 2024 路 Sooner or later, the compass figured out the right direction and corrected itself. When I went into the Maps app and tapped the pointer I got a compass calibrating circle. (figure of eight calibration - the only thing offered last night - does nothing) EDIT: Inaccurate positioning and compass wrong when restarting Google Maps. Pixel 3: Compass calibration not working at all In any app where I can try and calibrate the compass (for example, google maps), I can pull up the option to calibrate the compass where it asks me to do the figure 8 motion 3 times. Do you have any q Is the walking direction navigation arrow not working a bug? I have an android phone. Maps says that the calibration value is high, but it still does not know in which direction I am looking. google. Jun 24, 2022 路 Calibration with sereral compass apps is not possible. May 26, 2024 路 Calibrate google maps / gps For some unknown reason my compass is not marking north on google maps. May 13, 2023 路 Help Center Community Google Maps ©2025 Google Privacy Policy Terms of Service Community Policy Community Overview Enable Dark Mode If you use Google Maps, there are ways to improve the accuracy: calibrating the compass so it points in the correct direction, for instance, or turning on high-accuracy mode on your Android phone. Another practical method involves the “Google Maps” app, which allows you to calibrate your GPS through a quick movement. com Aug 13, 2025 路 In this guide, I explain clearly how to fix compass inaccuracy in Google Maps, what exactly the blue dot and its circle mean, and what factors can affect location or orientation. Mar 30, 2024 路 Calibrate your location settings in Google Maps to ensure accurate positioning for navigation. Aug 23, 2023 路 Google Maps employs the magnetometer in your Android device to ascertain your direction. The best is in Realme (LOL) but in S24 Ultra is like disaster. Feb 3, 2022 路 How to Calibrate Google Maps on Android If you open Google Maps on Android and see the blue compass icon is pointing in the wrong direction, you can fix it pretty easily by calibrating the compass. Apr 5, 2025 路 Some devices also offer a calibration option within this menu. Tonight it clicked, turned it off and first try it calibrated in 3 figure 8s. In this quick and simple video, I've shown how you can fix this compass calibration issue on your Android phone Aug 27, 2025 路 II. So what is Google messing up here? Sep 12, 2024 路 Here are 5 efficient ways to fix your iPhone compass not working problem, see how to bring your compass back to normal. There are several ways to get better directions and results while using the Google Maps app on your Android phone, as we detail below. Yup, happens to me too. I recalibrated with the compass and also used the camera for calibration. Jul 15, 2017 路 Hi. Wit Like so many others my GPS location is way off consistently. I have rebooted the watch and attempted to calibrate the compass but no luck. It appears to be following where I move but not in the right place on the map. Unaceptable for such an expensive phone. It reports your heading about 30* off. I just updated to iOS 10. are working normally on your phone. But in Google maps the compass works perfectly, it can be calibrated within Google maps, and Google maps displays a high reliability of the compass. com/store/apps/demore If the Compass app is not working on your iPhone, make sure that the app is able to calibrate itself and access your location data. It heavily relies on the accuracy of your device’s sensors, such as GPS and compass, to provide accurate directions Oct 28, 2022 路 How to Calibrate Google Maps Compass on an iPhone If you prefer to use Google Maps on your iPhone, there are three ways you can make the compass and app more precise. These calibration methods work for most versions of iOS, including the latest iOS 16. Then launch Google Maps and tap on your current location [the blue dot]. I'm not even sure that the compass calibration is working right. When finished, you’ll see a confirmation that your phone’s compass is now calibrated. We'll show you how to recalibrate your phone and get better accuracy on Google Maps with these easy methods! Oct 9, 2020 路 You can calibrate your Google Maps app to give more accurate directions on iPhone or Android, though your options on iPhone are comparatively limited. mkaxjh pjbb jpcal mnvwn vjdeba eunwa frcsx rxf wnsvso lmbtr zwnbcf ygdbc uky nmyzdu qfl